Individual differences in two emotion regulation processes: Implications for affect, relationships, and well-being.
2003/01/01 by James J. Gross, Oliver P. John · 190 citations
Psychology · #Affect (linguistics) #Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development #Cognition #Cognitive reappraisal #Developmental psychology #Emotions and Moral Behavior #Expressive Suppression #Interpersonal communication #Interpersonal relationship #Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction #Psychology #Social psychology
paper · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.348
openalex publication_date 2003/01/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/06
Abstract
Five studies tested two general hypotheses: Individuals differ in their use of emotion regulation strategies such as reappraisal and suppression, and these individual differences have implications for affect, well-being, and social relationships. Study 1 presents new measures of the habitual use of reappraisal and suppression. Study 2 examines convergent and discriminant validity. Study 3 shows that reappraisers experience and express greater positive emotion and lesser negative emotion, whereas suppressors experience and express lesser positive emotion, yet experience greater negative emotion. Study 4 indicates that using reappraisal is associated with better interpersonal functioning, whereas using suppression is associated with worse interpersonal functioning. Study 5 shows that using reappraisal is related positively to well-being, whereas using suppression is related negatively.
Citations
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