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Odd perfect numbers, Diophantine equations, and upper bounds

2015/02/18 by Pace P. Nielsen · 1 citation
Mathematics · #Analytic Number Theory Research #Algebraic Geometry and Number Theory #Mathematics and Applications

paper · pdf · doi:10.1090/s0025-5718-2015-02941-x

openalex publication_date 2015/02/18 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/05/21

Abstract

We obtain a new upper bound for odd multiperfect numbers. If <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper N"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">N</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is an odd perfect number with <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="k"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">k</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> distinct prime divisors and <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper P"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">P</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is its largest prime divisor, we find as a corollary that <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="10 Superscript 12 Baseline upper P squared upper N greater-than 2 Superscript 4 Super Superscript k"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>12</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>P</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:msup> <mml:mn>4</mml:mn> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">1012P2N&gt;2^4k</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> . Using this new bound, and extensive computations, we derive the inequality <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="k greater-than-or-equal-to 10"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>k</mml:mi> <mml:mo> ≥ </mml:mo> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">k≥ 10</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> .

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