Kinetics of Phase Change. II Transformation-Time Relations for Random Distribution of Nuclei
1940/02/01 by Melvin Avrami · 8,654 citations
Chemistry · Engineering · Materials Science · Mathematics · #Chemistry #Classical mechanics #Geology #High Temperature Alloys and Creep #Isothermal process #Kinetics #Materials science #Mathematical analysis #Mathematics #Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Steels #Phase (matter) #Physics #Quantum mechanics #Range (aeronautics) #Recrystallization (geology) #Solidification and crystal growth phenomena #Statistical physics #Thermodynamics #Transformation (genetics) #Volume (thermodynamics)
paper · doi:10.1063/1.1750631
published in The Journal of Chemical Physics 8(2), 212-224 (American Institute of Physics)
openalex publication_date 1940/02/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
Abstract
Following upon the general theory in Part I, a considerable simplification is here introduced in the treatment of the case where the grain centers of the new phase are randomly distributed. Also, the kinetics of the main types of crystalline growth, such as result in polyhedral, plate-like and lineal grains, are studied. A relation between the actual transformed volume V and a related extended volume V1 ex is derived upon statistical considerations. A rough approximation to this relation is shown to lead, under the proper conditions, to the empirical formula of Austin and Rickett. The exact relation is used to reduce the entire problem to the determination of V1 ex, in terms of which all other quantities are expressed. The approximate treatment of the beginning of transformation in the isokinetic range is shown to lead to the empirical formula of Krainer and to account quantitatively for certain relations observed in recrystallization phenomena. It is shown that the predicted shapes for isothermal transformation-time curves correspond well with the experimental data.
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