Effect of bulk viscosity on elliptic flow near the QCD phase transition

2009/03/31 by Gabriel S. Denicol, G. S. Denicol, T. Kodama +2
Physics and Astronomy · #Condensed matter physics #Elliptic flow #Flow (mathematics) #High-Energy Particle Collisions Research #Materials science #Mechanics #Particle physics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Phase (matter) #Phase transition #Physics #Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions #Quantum chromodynamics #Quantum mechanics #Thermodynamics #Viscosity #hep-ph #nucl-th

paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevc.80.064901

published as Phys.Rev.C80:064901,2009 · 14 pages, 12 figures

arxiv created 2009/10/10 · openalex publication_date 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

In this work, we examine the effect of bulk viscosity on elliptic flow, taking into account the critical behavior of the equation of state and transport coefficients near the QCD phase transition. We found that the p_T dependence of v₂ is quantitatively changed by the presence of the QCD phase transition. Within reasonable values of the transport coefficients, v₂ decreases by a factor of 15% at small p_T values (<1 GeV). However, for larger values of p_T (>2 GeV), the interplay between the velocity of sound and transport coefficient near the QCD phase transition enhances v₂. We point out that Grad's 14-moment approximation cannot be applied for the calculation of the one-particle distribution function at the freeze-out.

Citations

• Dissipative effects from transport and viscous hydrodynamics
• Relativistic hydrodynamics for heavy-ion collisions
• The equation of state in lattice QCD: with physical quark masses towards the continuum limit
• Smoothed particle hydrodynamics for relativistic heavy-ion collisions
• Simulating elliptic flow with viscous hydrodynamics
• Viscosity Information from Relativistic Nuclear Collisions: How Perfect is the Fluid Observed at RHIC?
• Transport Coefficients of a Gluon Plasma
• Causal viscous hydrodynamics for central heavy-ion collisions
• Extensivity of irreversible current and stability in causal dissipative hydrodynamics
• Universal properties of bulk viscosity near the QCD phase transition
• Relativistic dissipative hydrodynamics: A minimal causal theory
• Nonstationary irreversible thermodynamics: A causal relativistic theory
• Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics

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