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Scalable Diffusion Models with Transformers

2022/12/19 by William Peebles, Saining Xie, Peebles, William +1 · 1194 citations
Medicine · Computer Science · #Advanced Neuroimaging Techniques and Applications #Generative Adversarial Networks and Image Synthesis #Music and Audio Processing

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2212.09748

Abstract

We explore a new class of diffusion models based on the transformer architecture. We train latent diffusion models of images, replacing the commonly-used U-Net backbone with a transformer that operates on latent patches. We analyze the scalability of our Diffusion Transformers (DiTs) through the lens of forward pass complexity as measured by Gflops. We find that DiTs with higher Gflops -- through increased transformer depth/width or increased number of input tokens -- consistently have lower FID. In addition to possessing good scalability properties, our largest DiT-XL/2 models outperform all prior diffusion models on the class-conditional ImageNet 512x512 and 256x256 benchmarks, achieving a state-of-the-art FID of 2.27 on the latter.

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