2004/08/01 by Jean C. Shih, K. Chen · 2 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Animal Genetics and Reproduction #Biology #Cancer-related gene regulation #Epigenetics and DNA Methylation #Exon #Gene #Gene expression #Genetics #Intron #Molecular biology #Promoter #Regulation of gene expression #Repressor #Transcription (linguistics) #Transcription factor
paper · doi:10.2174/0929867043364757
openalex publication_date 2004/08/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
MAO A and B genes are made of 15 exons with identical exon-intron organization. They are located on X-chromosome organized in opposite direction, tail to tail with 24 kb apart. Both promoters are GC-rich and regulated by transcription factor Sp1. However, they have distinctly different features. MAO B gene, but not MAO A gene, has TATA box. MAO B promoter contains two clusters of overlapping Sp1 sites, the CACCC repressor element. Transcription factors Sp1 and Sp4 can activate MAO B promoter activity through the proximal cluster of Sp1 sites and its activation can be repressed by the over-expression of Sp3 and a related family member, BTEB2. Decreased methylation and transcription repressor Sp3 upregulate human MAO B, but not MAO A, gene expression during Caco-2 differentiation. MAO B, but not MAO A gene, could be activated by PMA (phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate) by protein kinase C, MAPkinase signal transduction pathway involves cJun and Egr-1. The differences in MAO A and B gene regulation may explain the different tissue-specific expression and functions of these two important isoenzymes.