Coherent control of macroscopic quantum states in a single-Cooper-pair box

1999/04/01 by Y. Nakamura, Yu. A. Pashkin, J. S. Tsai · 137 citations
Computer Science · Physics and Astronomy · #Mechanical and Optical Resonators #Quantum Information and Cryptography #Quantum and electron transport phenomena #cond-mat.mes-hall #cond-mat.supr-con

paper · pdf · doi:10.1038/19718

4 pages, 4 figures; to be published in Nature

arxiv created 1999/04/01 · crossref issued 1999/04/01 · crossref published 1999/04/01 · crossref published-print 1999/04/01 · openalex publication_date 1999/04/01 · crossref created 2002/07/26 · arxiv updated 2009/11/30 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · crossref deposited 2021/12/01 · crossref indexed 2026/07/30 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/31

Abstract

A small superconducting electrode (a single-Cooper-pair box) connected to a reservoir via a Josephson junction constitutes an artificial two-level system, in which two charge states that differ by 2e are coupled by tunneling of Cooper pairs. Despite its macroscopic nature involving a large number of electrons, the two-level system shows coherent superposition of the two charge states, and has been suggested as a candidate for a qubit, i.e. a basic component of a quantum computer. Here we report on time-domain observation of the coherent quantum-state evolution in the two-level system by applying a short voltage pulse that modifies the energies of the two levels nonadiabatically to control the coherent evolution. The resulting state was probed by a tunneling current through an additional probe junction. Our results demonstrate coherent operation and measurement of a quantum state of a single two-level system, i.e. a qubit, in a solid-state electronic device.

Citations

• Quantum Coherence with a Single Cooper Pair
• Josephson-junction qubits with controlled couplings

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• Yasunobu Nakamura [wikipedia]