Institutionalized Organizations: Formal Structure as Myth and Ceremony

1977/09/01 by John W. Meyer, Brian Rowan · 27,574 citations
Business, Management and Accounting · Psychology · Social Sciences · #Art #Ceremony #Literature #Management Theory and Practice #Management and Organizational Studies #Mythology #Philosophy #Psychology #Theology #Weber, Simmel, Sociological Theory

paper · doi:10.1086/226550

published in American Journal of Sociology 83(2), 340-363 (University of Chicago Press)

openalex publication_date 1977/09/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

Many formal organizational structures arise as reflections of rationalized institutional rules. The elaboration of such rules in modern states and societies accounts in part for the expansion and increased complexity of formal organizational structures. Institutional rules function as myths which organizations incorporate, gaining legitimacy, resources, stability, and enhanced survival prospects. Organizations whose structures become isomorphic with the myths of the institutional environment-in contrast with those primarily structured by the demands of technical production and exchange-decrease internal coordination and control in order to maintain legitimacy. Structures are decoupled from each other and from ongoing activities. In place of coordination, inspection, and evaluation, a logic of confidence and good faith is employed.

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• Integrating Dialectical and Paradox Perspectives on Managing Contradictions in Organizations
• History and the present: Institutional legacies in communities of organizations
• THE RED QUEEN: HISTORY-DEPENDENT COMPETITION AMONG ORGANIZATIONS
• Introduction: The International Diffusion of Liberalism
• Extending the Mertonian Norms: Scientists' Subscription to Norms of Research
• Tackling Grand Challenges Pragmatically: Robust Action Revisited
• The “Actors” of Modern Society: The Cultural Construction of Social Agency
• Smoke and mirrors: Corporate social responsibility and tax avoidance
• Corporate Citizenship and Managerial Motivation: Implications for Business Legitimacy
• Partial Hegemony
• Institutional and organisational myths: A process model of myth lifecycle
• Orientation towards environmental sustainability in European family versus nonfamily firms: the role of policymaker engagement and incentives
• Prisoner reentry as myth and ceremony
• Macro-social Marketing
• Toward a Doctrine of Socially Responsible Marketing (SRM): A Macro and Normative-Ethical Perspective
• The Strength of a Weak Agency: Enforcement of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the Expansion of State Capacity, 1965–1971
• Best Practices or Best Guesses? Assessing the Efficacy of Corporate Affirmative Action and Diversity Policies
• University corporatisation: Driving redefinition
• The Institutional Entrepreneur as Modern Prince: The Strategic Face of Power in Contested Fields
• Legitimating first: organizing activities and the survival of new ventures
• The subordination of harm reduction to control in Swedish drug policy formation
• New institutionalism [wikipedia]
• Sociological institutionalism [wikipedia]
• An integrated strategy of knowledge application for optimal e-health implementation: a multi-method study protocol. [europepmc]
• State policy influence on the early diffusion of buprenorphine in community treatment programs. [europepmc]
• Multi-level analysis of electronic health record adoption by health care professionals: a study protocol. [europepmc]
• Institutionalization of evidence-informed practices in healthcare settings. [europepmc]
• Never the twain shall meet?--a comparison of implementation science and policy implementation research. [europepmc]
• Program Capacity to Eliminate Outcome Disparities in Addiction Health Services. [europepmc]
• Institutionalization of deinstitutionalization: a cross-national analysis of mental health system reform. [europepmc]
• Motivational Differences between Whole Blood and Apheresis Donors in Quebec, Canada: A Questionnaire-Based Survey in a Voluntary Nonremunerated Context. [europepmc]
• Corporate Social Responsibility and Organizational Psychology: An Integrative Review. [europepmc]
• Impacts of geographical locations and sociocultural traits on the Vietnamese entrepreneurship. [europepmc]
• Access to medicines: relations with the institutionalization of pharmaceutical services. [europepmc]
• Elusive implementation: an ethnographic study of intersectoral policymaking for health. [europepmc]
• What can organisational theory offer knowledge translation in healthcare? A thematic and lexical analysis. [europepmc]
• Understanding and applying principles of social cognition and decision making in adaptive environmental governance. [europepmc]
• Value-based healthcare translated: a complementary view of implementation. [europepmc]
• Formalisation and subordination: a contingency theory approach to optimising primary care teams. [europepmc]
• Inter-Sectoral Collaboration in Municipal Health Centres: A Multi-Site Qualitative Study of Supporting Organizational Elements and Individual Drivers. [europepmc]
• From prescription to guidance: a European framework for generic competencies. [europepmc]
• Advancing understanding and identifying strategies for sustaining evidence-based practices: a review of reviews. [europepmc]
• Theories Informing eHealth Implementation: Systematic Review and Typology Classification. [europepmc]
• Differences in Hospitals' Workplace Violence Incident Reporting Practices: A Mixed Methods Study. [europepmc]
• Organizational logics in time of crises: How physicians narrate the healthcare response to the Covid-19 pandemic in Swedish hospitals. [europepmc]
• Organizational attributes that contribute to the learning & improvement capabilities of healthcare organizations: a scoping review. [europepmc]
• Barriers and Facilitators to Health-Care Provider Payment Reform - A Scoping Literature Review. [europepmc]
• Institutional trust is a distinct construct related to vaccine hesitancy and refusal. [europepmc]

Related

• Foundations of the Theory of Organization
• Rethinking Institutions and Organizations
• The Iron Cage Revisited: Institutional Isomorphism and Collective Rationality in Organizational Fields
• The Reproduction and Evolution of Institutional Logics: A practice-centric perspective
• Institutions, Institutional Effects, and Institutionalism (1991)