CO-TEACHING FOR INCLUSION IN A SUBURBAN MIDDLE SCHOOL:A SOCIO-TECHNICAL PERSPECTIVE

2011/05/13 by Samantha K. Trumbo, Michael E. Brown, Monique Mawhinney · 2 voices · 12 citations
Chemistry · Engineering · Environmental Science · Physics and Astronomy · Psychology · Social Sciences · #Astro and Planetary Science #Astrobiology #Astronomy #Carbon dioxide #Carbon fibers #Chemistry #Collaborative Teaching and Inclusion #Computer science #Disability Education and Employment #Education and Technology Integration #Engineering #Geography #Inclusion (mineral) #Isotope Analysis in Ecology #Jupiter (rocket family) #Knowledge management #Library science #Materials science #Mathematics education #Pedagogy #Perspective (graphical) #Physics #Plan (archaeology) #Planetary Science and Exploration #Political science #Psychology #Restructuring #Social science #Sociology #Sociotechnical system #Space exploration #Special education #Subject (documents) #Task (project management) #Terrain

paper · pdf · open access · doi:10.1126/science.adg4155

published in Science 381(6664), 1308-1311 (American Association for the Advancement of Science)

openalex publication_date 2011/05/13 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/02

Abstract

Jupiter's moon Europa has a subsurface ocean, the chemistry of which is largely unknown. Carbon dioxide (CO₂) has previously been detected on the surface of Europa, but it was not possible to determine whether it originated from subsurface ocean chemistry, was delivered by impacts, or was produced on the surface by radiation processing of impact-delivered material. We mapped the distribution of CO₂ on Europa using observations obtained with the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We found a concentration of CO₂ within Tara Regio, a recently resurfaced terrain. This indicates that the CO₂ is derived from an internal carbon source. We propose that the CO₂ formed in the internal ocean, although we cannot rule out formation on the surface through radiolytic conversion of ocean-derived organics or carbonates.

Cited by

• Fluorescent Biomolecules Detectable in Near-Surface Ice on Europa
• Mapping of textural facies in Europa’s chaotic terrains
• The Fate of Frozen Carbonated Water at Europa-like Conditions
• Europa’s H2O2: Temperature Insensitivity and a Correlation with CO2
• JWST/NIRSpec Observations of Salacia-Actaea and Máni: Exploring Population-level Trends among Water-ice-rich Kuiper Belt Objects
• Plume Activity on Europa: Current Knowledge and Search Strategy for Europa Clipper
• Estimating the potential of ionizing radiation-induced radiolysis for microbial metabolism on terrestrial planets and satellites with rarefied atmospheres
• Glycine Partitioning in Frozen Putative Europan Brines
• A JWST study of CO₂ on the satellites of Saturn
• Laboratory Investigation of CO2-Driven Enhancement of Radiolytic H2O2 on Europa and Other Icy Moons
• An Assessment of Organics Detection and Characterization on the Surface of Europa with Infrared Spectroscopy
• The Blinking Crystallinity of Europa: A Competition between Irradiation and Thermal Alteration
• Thermodynamic constraints on the citric acid cycle and related reactions in ocean world interiors
• JWST Reveals Spectral Tracers of Recent Surface Modification on Europa

Discussions

• I **think** this means that Europa's oceans are carbonated, though we are currently working on experiments to see if that is true. Also you can read the non-paywalled verison here. arxiv.org/abs/2309. [bsky, 23 points, 3 comments]
• The distribution of CO2 on Europa indicates an internal source of carbon doi.org/10.1126/scie... [bsky, 0 points, 0 comments]

Related

• Earth as a potential source of life For Europa's subsurface ocean
• Laboratory Investigation of CO2-Driven Enhancement of Radiolytic H2O2 on Europa and Other Icy Moons
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• Cassini Finds an Oxygen–Carbon Dioxide Atmosphere at Saturn’s Icy Moon Rhea