2014/02/27 by Pierre-Alexandre Balland, Pierre‐Alexandre Balland, Ron Boschma +1 · 10 citations
Business, Management and Accounting · #Innovation and Knowledge Management #Business Strategy and Innovation #University-Industry-Government Innovation Models
paper · doi:10.1080/00343404.2014.883598
Balland P.-A., Boschma R. and Frenken K. Proximity and innovation: from statics to dynamics, Regional Studies. Despite theoretical and empirical advances, the proximity framework has remained essentially static. A dynamic extension of the proximity framework is proposed that accounts for co-evolutionary dynamics between knowledge networking and proximity. For each proximity dimension, how proximities might increase over time as a result of past knowledge ties is described. These dynamics are captured through the processes of learning (cognitive proximity), integration (organizational proximity), decoupling (social proximity), institutionalization (institutional proximity), and agglomeration (geographical proximity). The paper ends with a discussion of several avenues for future research on the dynamics of knowledge networking and proximity.