Soil Survey of Benton County
1917/08/11 by Michael W. Kraus, Paul K. Piff, Rodolfo Mendoza‐Denton +5 · 19 citations
Environmental Science · Social Sciences · Agricultural and Biological Sciences · #Rangeland and Wildlife Management #Archaeology and Natural History #Botany, Ecology, and Taxonomy Studies
paper · doi:10.1037/a0028756
Abstract
Social class is shaped by an individual's material resources as well as perceptions of rank vis-à-vis others in society, and in this article, we examine how class influences behavior. Diminished resources and lower rank create contexts that constrain social outcomes for lower-class individuals and enhance contextualist tendencies--that is, a focus on external, uncontrollable social forces and other individuals who influence one's life outcomes. In contrast, abundant resources and elevated rank create contexts that enhance the personal freedoms of upper-class individuals and give rise to solipsistic social cognitive tendencies--that is, an individualistic focus on one's own internal states, goals, motivations, and emotions. Guided by this framework, we detail 9 hypotheses and relevant empirical evidence concerning how class-based contextualist and solipsistic tendencies shape the self, perceptions of the social environment, and relationships to other individuals. Novel predictions and implications for research in other socio-political contexts are considered.
Citations
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