2023/11/29 by Simonneau, Thierry, Ollat, Nathalie, Pellegrino, Anne +1
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paper · doi:10.17180/qpdn-jp02
Drought episodes in 2003 and 2011 had huge, detrimental impacts on vineyard production in South of France. In grapevine, vegetative growth is the first function to be influenced by drought with rapid cessation of growth of secondary shoot axes. Additionally, stomatal closure gradually reduces transpiration rate. These responses result in a decrease of photosynthesis rate which partly explains yield losses and quality damages. During the last years, research in ecophysiology evidenced a large diversity in responses to drought, originating from both scions and rootstocks. New methods have been developed for characterising and modelling scions and rootstocks as regard their susceptibility to drought conditions. Model predictions are becoming useful tools to select appropriate scions and rootstocks as a function of likely climate scenarios. Current work should incorporate additional plant modifications either resulting from acclimation of the plant or from management practices. Future works should address the multiyear effects of drought episodes on wine grape production in order to better account for carry-over or cumulative effects of drought on successive years.