2016/02/19 by Vito Pavone, Gianluca Testa, Domenico A. Restivo +4 · 56 citations
Medicine · #Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders #Botulinum Toxin and Related Neurological Disorders #Neurogenetic and Muscular Disorders Research #Cerebral palsy #Medicine #Spasticity #Muscle contracture #Botulinum toxin #Spastic #Physical medicine and rehabilitation #Deformity #Physical therapy #Orthotics #Rehabilitation #Anesthesia #Surgery
paper · pdf · doi:10.3389/fphar.2016.00029
published in Frontiers in Pharmacology 7, 29 (Frontiers Media)
openalex publication_date 2016/02/19 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/08
CP is the most common cause of chronic disability in childhood occurring in 2-2.5/1000 births. It is a severe disorder and a significant number of patients present cognitive delay and difficulty in walking. The use of botulinum toxin (BTX) has become a popular treatment for CP especially for spastic and dystonic muscles while avoiding deformity and pain. Moreover, the combination of physiotherapy, casting, orthotics and injection of BTX may delay or decrease the need for surgical intervention while reserving single-event, multi-level surgery for fixed musculotendinous contractures and bony deformities in older children. This report highlights the utility of BTX in the treatment of cerebral palsy in children. We include techniques for administration, side effects, and possible resistance as well as specific use in the upper and lower limbs muscles.