Fourth-order and six-order nonlinear spin current rectifier in three-dimensional h-wave and j-wave odd-parity magnet

2026/03/31 by Motohiko Ezawa
Physics and Astronomy · #cond-mat.mes-hall

paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/zxcv-xcyc

published as Phys. Rev. B 114, 115404 (2026) · 10 pages, 4 figures

arxiv created 2026/06/30 · arxiv updated 2026/08/07

Abstract

Higher-order symmetric X-wave magnets consist of two groups. One includes d-wave, g-wave and i-wave altermagnets, while the other includes p-wave and f-wave odd-parity magnets. Recently, the possibility of h-wave magnets has been discussed. Motivated by this development, we systematically construct an X-wave magnet with ( N_X+1) nodes in three dimensions from an X-wave magnet with N_X nodes in two dimensions by means of a dimensional extension, where N_X=1,2,3,4,6 for X=p,d,f,g,i, respectively. Based on this method, we predict j-wave magnets in three dimensions. Then, we argue how to identify each of these X-wave magnets experimentally. We show that the X-wave magnet is completely identified by measuring the nonlinear spin currents. In particular, we predict that there are no spin currents other than the fourth-order ones such as σ_spin^x³y;z in h-wave odd-parity magnets in three dimensions and the sixth-order ones such as σ_spin^x⁵y;z in j-wave odd-parity magnets in three dimensions. They function as spin-current rectifier because the spin current exhibits unidirectional flow independent of the applied electric field.

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