Aerosol Infection of Cynomolgus Macaques with Enzootic Strains of Venezuelan Equine Encephalitis Viruses
2004/03/04 by Douglas S. Reed, Douglas S. Reed, Cathleen M. Lind +7 · 25 citations
Medicine · Immunology and Microbiology · #Mosquito-borne diseases and control #Viral Infections and Vectors #Vector-borne infectious diseases
paper · pdf · doi:10.1086/382281
Abstract
Because Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses (VEEVs) are infectious by aerosol, they are considered to be a biological-weapons threat. Nonhuman-primate models are needed to evaluate the efficacy of candidate vaccines. In the present study, cynomolgus macaques, after aerosol exposure to either VEEV-IE or VEEV-IIIA, developed fever, viremia, and lymphopenia; the severity of the fever response, viremia, and lymphopenia correlated with the inhaled dose of VEEV. Of the 10 macaques in our study, 7 developed clinical signs indicative of encephalitis, including loss of balance and hypothermia. In the macaque, the enzootic strains used are infectious by aerosol and lead to disease, including clinical encephalitis.
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