2021/11/30 by Katsuki Aoki, Mohammad Ali Gorji, Shinji Mukohyama +1
Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Cosmology #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Dark energy #Effective field theory #Exact solutions in general relativity #Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena #Geometry #Mathematics #Particle physics #Physics #Pure mathematics #Quantum mechanics #Scalar (mathematics) #Tensor (intrinsic definition) #Tensor field #Theoretical physics #astro-ph.CO #gr-qc #hep-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2022/01/059
39 pages + appendices, 1 figure, published version
openalex publication_date 2022/01/01 · arxiv created 2022/01/27 · arxiv updated 2022/02/02 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Abstract We investigate a systematic formulation of vector-tensor theories based on the effective field theory (EFT) approach. The input of our EFT is that the spacetime symmetry is spontaneously broken by the existence of a preferred timelike direction in accordance with the cosmological principle. After clarifying the difference of the symmetry breaking pattern from the conventional EFT of inflation/dark energy, we find an EFT description of vector-tensor theories around the cosmological background. This approach not only serves as a unified description of vector-tensor theories but also highlights universal differences between the scalar-tensor theories and the vector-tensor theories. The theories having different symmetry breaking patterns are distinguished by a phenomenological function and consistency relations between the EFT coefficients. We study the linear cosmological perturbations within our EFT framework and discuss the characteristic properties of the vector-tensor theories in the context of dark energy. In particular, we compute the effective gravitational coupling and the slip parameter for the matter density contrast in terms of the EFT coefficients.