2021/03/24 by Tzu-Chieh Wei · 31 citations
Computer Science · Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Algorithm #Cluster state #Computation #Computer science #Mathematics #One-way quantum computer #Open quantum system #Physics #Quantum #Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture #Quantum Information and Cryptography #Quantum Mechanics and Applications #Quantum algorithm #Quantum computer #Quantum entanglement #Quantum error correction #Quantum information #Quantum mechanics #Quantum technology #Qubit #Randomness #Statistics #Theoretical computer science #quant-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190871994.013.31
published as Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Physics (2021) · 34 pages, 13 figures, article for Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Physics, March 2021
openalex publication_date 2021/03/24 · arxiv created 2021/09/21 · arxiv updated 2021/09/22 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Abstract Measurement-based quantum computation is a framework of quantum computation, where entanglement is used as a resource and local measurements on qubits are used to drive the computation. It originates from the one-way quantum computer of Raussendorf and Briegel, who introduced the so-called cluster state as the underlying entangled resource state and showed that any quantum circuit could be executed by performing only local measurement on individual qubits. The randomness in the measurement outcomes can be dealt with by adapting future measurement axes so that computation is deterministic. Subsequent works have expanded the discussions of the measurement-based quantum computation to various subjects, including the quantification of entanglement for such a measurement-based scheme, the search for other resource states beyond cluster states and computational phases of matter. In addition, the measurement-based framework also provides useful connections to the emergence of time ordering, computational complexity and classical spin models, blind quantum computation, and so on, and has given an alternative, resource-efficient approach to implement the original linear-optic quantum computation of Knill, Laflamme, and Milburn. Cluster states and a few other resource states have been created experimentally in various physical systems, and the measurement-based approach offers a potential alternative to the standard circuit approach to realize a practical quantum computer.