Observationalversus experimental studies: What’s the evidence for a hierarchy?

2004/06/01 by John Concato · 1 citation
Decision Sciences · Economics, Econometrics and Finance · Engineering · Health Professions · Medicine · Psychology · #Alternative medicine #Clinical study design #Clinical trial #Engineering #Engineering ethics #Epistemology #Evidence-based medicine #Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life #Healthcare cost, quality, practices #Hierarchy #Law #Management science #Medicine #Meta-analysis and systematic reviews #Observational study #Pathology #Philosophy #Political science #Psychology #Quality (philosophy) #Randomized controlled trial #Research design #Social science #Sociology #Surgery

paper · pdf · doi:10.1602/neurorx.1.3.341

openalex publication_date 2004/06/01 · crossref created 2004/06/01 · crossref issued 2004/07/01 · crossref published 2004/07/01 · crossref published-print 2004/07/01 · crossref deposited 2017/06/16 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · crossref indexed 2026/06/16 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/29

Citations

• The Effect of Vitamin E and Beta Carotene on the Incidence of Lung Cancer and Other Cancers in Male Smokers
• Risks and Benefits of Estrogen Plus Progestin in Healthy Postmenopausal Women: Principal Results From the Women's Health Initiative Randomized Controlled Trial
• Understanding the Divergent Data on Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy
• Efficacy of BCG Vaccine in the Prevention of Tuberculosis
• Alternative Medicine — The Risks of Untested and Unregulated Remedies
• Evidence-Based Medicine
• Nutrition Intervention Trials in Linxian, China: Supplementation With Specific Vitamin/Mineral Combinations, Cancer Incidence, and Disease-Specific Mortality in the General Population
• Randomized, Controlled Trials, Observational Studies, and the Hierarchy of Research Designs
• A Comparison of Observational Studies and Randomized, Controlled Trials

Cited by

• Hierarchy of evidence [wikipedia]