2017/01/01 by Ayako Ro, Norimasa Kageyama, Toshiji Mukai · 1 citation
Medicine · #Venous Thromboembolism Diagnosis and Management #Diagnosis and Treatment of Venous Diseases #Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise #Medicine #Thrombus #Deep vein #Thrombosis #Thigh #Vein #Sequela #Embolization #Lower limbs venous ultrasonography #Pathophysiology #Anatomy #Surgery #Internal medicine
paper · pdf · doi:10.3400/avd.ra.17-00035
openalex publication_date 2017/01/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/18
Here the pathophysiology of venous thromboembolism is reviewed with respect to the anatomical features of the deep veins of lower limbs. A thrombus is less likely to form in the thigh veins compared with that in the calf veins; however, clinical symptoms are more likely to appear in the thigh veins owing to vascular occlusion. When a patient is bedridden, thrombosis is more likely to occur in the intramuscular vein, which mainly depends on muscular pumping and the venous valve, rather than in the three crural branches, which mainly depends on the pulsation of the accompanying artery. Thrombi are prone to be generated in the soleal vein compared with those in the gastrocnemius vein because of the vein and muscle structures. A soleal vein thrombosis grows toward the proximal veins along the drainage veins. To prevent a sudden pulmonary thromboembolism-related death in bedridden patients, preventing soleal vein thrombus formation and observing the thrombus proximal propagation via the drainage veins are clinically important. When deep vein thrombosis occurs, avoiding embolization and sequela caused by the thrombus organization is necessary.