Constraints on the Active and Sterile Neutrino Masses from Beta-Ray Spectra: Past, Present and Future1

2015/04/30 by O. Dragoun, Otokar Dragoun, Drahoslav Vénos
Physics and Astronomy · #Astronomy #Astrophysics #Astrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena #Electron #Electron neutrino #Fermion #Limit (mathematics) #Mass spectrometry #Mass spectrum #Measurements of neutrino speed #Neutrino #Neutrino Physics Research #Neutrino oscillation #Nuclear physics #Particle physics #Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies #Physics #Solar neutrino #Solar neutrino problem #Spectral line #Sterile neutrino #hep-ex #physics.ins-det

paper · pdf · doi:10.2174/1874843001603010073

published as Open J. Phys. 3(2016)77-113 · 42 pages, 33 figures, 2 tables, 235 references, review article

arxiv created 2016/03/18 · openalex publication_date 2016/09/30 · arxiv updated 2016/10/13 · openalex created_date 2021/02/01 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

Although neutrinos are probably the most abundant fermions of the universe their mass is not yet known. Oscillation experiments have proven that at least one of the neutrino mass states has m i > 0.05 eV while various interpretations of cosmological observations yielded an upper limit for the sum of neutrino masses ∑ m i < (0.14 ‒ 1.7) eV. The searches for the yet unobserved 0νββ decay result in an effective neutrino mass m ββ < (0.2 ‒ 0.7) eV. The analyses of measured tritium β-spectra provide an upper limit for the effective electron neutrino mass m ( v e ) < 2 eV. In this review, we summarize the experience of two generations of β-ray spectroscopists who improved the upper limit of m ( v e ) by three orders of magnitude. We describe important steps in the development of radioactive sources and electron spectrometers, and recapitulate the lessons from now-disproved claims for the neutrino mass of 30 eV and the 17 keV neutrino with an admixture larger than 0.03%. We also pay attention to new experimental approaches and searches for hypothetical sterile neutrinos.

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