SMBH growth parameters in the early Universe of Millennium and Millennium-II simulations

2015/04/30 by Majda Smole, Miroslav Mićić, Miroslav Micic +2 · 8 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Accretion (finance) #Astronomy #Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations #Astrophysics #Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena #Galaxy #Gamma-ray bursts and supernovae #Physics #Redshift #Supermassive black hole #Universe #astro-ph.CO #astro-ph.GA

paper · pdf · doi:10.1093/mnras/stv1065

published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 451(2), 1964-1972 (Oxford University Press) · 11 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS, published

openalex publication_date 2015/06/09 · arxiv created 2015/06/23 · arxiv updated 2015/06/24 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

We make black hole (BH) merger trees from Millennium and Millennium-II simulations to find under what conditions 109 M⊙ SMBH can form by redshift z = 7. In order to exploit both: large box size in the Millennium simulation; and large mass resolution in the Millennium-II simulation, we develop a method to combine these two simulations together, and use the Millennium-II merger trees to predict the BH seeds to be used in the Millennium merger trees. We run multiple semi-analytical simulations where SMBHs grow through mergers and episodes of gas accretion triggered by major mergers. As a constraint, we use observed BH mass function at redshift z = 6. We find that in the light of the recent observations of moderate super-Eddington accretion, low-mass seeds (100 M⊙) could be the progenitors of high-redshift SMBHs (z ∼ 7), as long as the accretion during the accretion episodes is moderately super-Eddington, where fEdd = 3.7 is the effective Eddington ratio averaged over 50 Myr.

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Cited by

• The Infrared Medium-deep Survey. IV. The Low Eddington Ratio of A Faint Quasar at z ∼ 6: Not Every Supermassive Black Hole is Growing Fast in the Early Universe
• Observational evidence for intermediate-mass black holes