Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Gas of Sodium Atoms

1995/11/27 by Kendall B. Davis, M.‐O. Mewes, M. R. Andrews +4 · 33 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics #Advanced Frequency and Time Standards

paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.75.3969

openalex publication_date 1995/11/27 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01

Abstract

We have observed Bose-Einstein condensation of sodium atoms. The atoms were trapped in a novel trap that employed both magnetic and optical forces. Evaporative cooling increased the phase-space density by 6 orders of magnitude within seven seconds. Condensates contained up to 5\ifmmode×\else\texttimes\fi10⁵ atoms at densities exceeding 10¹⁴ cm^\ensuremath-3. The striking signature of Bose condensation was the sudden appearance of a bimodal velocity distribution below the critical temperature of \ensuremath∼2\ensuremathμK. The distribution consisted of an isotropic thermal distribution and an elliptical core attributed to the expansion of a dense condensate.

Citations

• Evidence of Bose-Einstein Condensation in an Atomic Gas with Attractive Interactions
• Observation of Bose-Einstein Condensation in a Dilute Atomic Vapor

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