AN IMPLICIT TECHNOLOGY OF GENERALIZATION1
1977/06/01 by Trevor F. Stokes, Donald M. Baer · 3,280 citations
Mathematics · Neuroscience · Psychology · #Artificial intelligence #Autism Spectrum Disorder Research #Behavioral and Psychological Studies #Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills #Cognitive psychology #Cognitive science #Computer science #Conceptualization #Epistemology #Generalization #Natural (archaeology) #Process (computing) #Programming language #Psychology
paper · pdf · doi:10.1901/jaba.1977.10-349
published in Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis 10(2), 349-367 (Wiley)
openalex publication_date 1977/06/01 · openalex created_date 2016/06/24 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
Abstract
Traditionally, discrimination has been understood as an active process, and a technology of its procedures has been developed and practiced extensively. Generalization, by contrast, has been considered the natural result of failing to practice a discrimination technology adequately, and thus has remained a passive concept almost devoid of a technology. But, generalization is equally deserving of an active conceptualization and technology. This review summarizes the structure of the generalization literature and its implicit embryonic technology, categorizing studies designed to assess or program generalization according to nine general headings: Train and Hope; Sequential Modification; Introduce to Natural Maintaining Contingencies; Train Sufficient Exemplars; Train Loosely; Use Indiscriminable Contingencies; Program Common Stimuli; Mediate Generalization; and Train "To Generalize".
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