2015/09/03 by Naomi W. Nishi, Cheryl E. Matias, Roberto Montoya · 1 citation
Social Sciences · Arts and Humanities · #Critical Race Theory in Education #Gender, Feminism, and Media #Media Influence and Health
paper · doi:10.1080/13504630.2015.1093470
openalex publication_date 2015/09/03 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01
In the context of the United States, mainstream entertainment genres continue to recycle dominant racial ideologies typified by the perspectives of white men. American minstrelsy, literature, and film are key sites for whiteness to manifest itself in the design and projection of online personae via white avatars. These projections of whiteness also reify the US racial structure, one that subjects the perspectives of people of color to misrepresentation and further racial marginalization. This theoretical interpretative article employs Critical Race Theory (CRT) and Critical Whiteness Studies (CWS) to investigate how these projections of whiteness are historically rooted and have evolved in the post-racial era. Using popular virtual gaming and social media examples, this paper critically deconstructs how the creation of white personae via avatars maintains and justifies the hegemonic power of whiteness.