Statistical mechanics of the (2+1)-dimensional black hole

1994/09/26 by S. Carlip, Steven Carlip · 11 citations
Mathematics · Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Black hole (networking) #Black hole thermodynamics #Charged black hole #Classical mechanics #Computer science #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Entropy (arrow of time) #Extremal black hole #General relativity #Horizon #Logarithm #Mathematical analysis #Mathematics #Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories #Nonsingular black hole models #Physics #Quantum mechanics #Statistical mechanics #Statistical physics #Theoretical physics #Theory of relativity #gr-qc #hep-th

paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevd.51.632

published as Phys.Rev.D51:632-637,1995 · 12 pages, UCD-94-32 and NI-94011

arxiv created 1994/09/26 · openalex publication_date 1995/01/15 · arxiv updated 2010/04/28 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05

Abstract

The presence of a horizon breaks the gauge invariance of (2+1)-dimensional general relativity, leading to the appearance of new physical states at the horizon. I show that the entropy of the (2+1)-dimensional black hole can be obtained as the logarithm of the number of these microscopic states.

Citations

• Horizon quantization and thermodynamics of the 2+1 black hole
• Black hole in three-dimensional spacetime
• Current algebra and Wess-Zumino model in two dimensions
• Aspects of black hole quantum mechanics and thermodynamics in 2+1 dimensions
• The Stretched Horizon and Black Hole Complementarity
• Geometry of the 2+1 Black Hole

Cited by

• Edge modes and corner ambiguities in 3d Chern–Simons theory and gravity
• Edge states in gravity and black hole physics
• Effective Lagrangian for quantum black holes
• What we don't know about BTZ black hole entropy
• The (2 + 1)-dimensional black hole
• Logarithmic corrections to black hole entropy, from the Cardy formula
• Conformal field theory, (2 + 1)-dimensional gravity and the BTZ black hole
• Statistical mechanics of the three-dimensional Euclidean black hole
• Edge dynamics for BF theories and gravity
• The asymptotic dynamics of three-dimensional Einstein gravity with a negative cosmological constant
• One-loop quantum corrections to the entropy for an extremal Reissner-Nordström black hole