Improved Funnel-Type Extractors for Soil Arthropods
1961/05/01 by A. Macfadyen · 541 citations
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Engineering · Environmental Science · Mathematics · #Agricultural engineering #Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies #Engineering #Environmental engineering #Environmental science #Funnel #Funnel plot #Insect-Plant Interactions and Control #Mathematics #Physics #Rangeland and Wildlife Management #Sample (material) #Statistics #Yield (engineering)
paper · doi:10.2307/2120
published in Journal of Animal Ecology 30(1), 171 (Wiley)
openalex publication_date 1961/05/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/18
Abstract
Berlese and Tullgren funnel-type extractors have now been used for qualitative work for more than 50 years. Many variants have been described since then but little progress has been made towards adapting them for reliable quantitative work. The history of the subject is given in an earlier paper (Macfadyen 1953) in which the inadequacy of current practice was demonstrated (see also Forsslund 1948) by comparing funnel yields with direct counts. It was later shown (Macfadyen 1955) that the control of temperature and humidity both above the soil sample and beneath it in the funnel can result in increased yields. The purpose of the present paper is to consider three methods by which control can be achieved in practice and the effects of such control on the yield of animals. Each of these methods is appropriate to a different set of circumstances as follows:
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