1996/09/17 by Daniel P. Arovas, D. P. Arovas, José A. Freire +1 · 1 citation
Physics and Astronomy · #Cold Atom Physics and Bose-Einstein Condensates #Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism #Quantum, superfluid, helium dynamics #cond-mat
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevb.55.1068
13 pages, 6 figures
arxiv created 1996/09/17 · openalex publication_date 1997/01/01 · arxiv updated 2009/11/30 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/30
The coupling of superfluid film to a moving vortex is a gauge coupling entirely dictated by topology. From the definition of a linking number, one can define a gauge field A^\mathrm\ensuremathμ , whose (2+1)-dimensional curl is the vortex three-current J^\mathrm\ensuremathμ , and to which the superfluid is minimally coupled. We compute the superfluid density and current response to a moving vortex. Exploiting the analogy to (2+1)-dimensional electrodynamics, we compute the effective vortex mass M(\ensuremathω) and find that it is logarithmically divergent in the \ensuremathω\ensuremath→0 limit, with a constant imaginary part, yielding a super-Ohmic dissipation in the presence of an oscillating superflow. Numerical integration of the nonlinear Schr"odinger equation supports these conclusions. The interaction of vortices with impurities coupling to the density also is discussed.