Structural basis of α-scorpion toxin action on Na v channels

2019/02/08 by Thomas Clairfeuille, Alexander Cloake, Daniel T. Infield +12 · 1 voice
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Medicine · #Ion channel regulation and function #Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies #Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias

paper · doi:10.1126/science.aav8573

openalex publication_date 2019/02/08 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/01

Abstract

How activation leads to gating Voltage-gated sodium (Na v ) channels are key players in electrical signaling. Central to their function is fast inactivation, and mutants that impede this cause conditions such as epilepsy and pain syndromes. The channels have four voltage-sensing domains (VSDs), with VSD4 playing an important role in fast inactivation. Clairfeuille et al. determined the structures of a chimera in which VSD4 of the cockroach channel Na v PaS is replaced with VSD4 from human Na v 1.7, both in the apo state and bound to a scorpion toxin that impedes fast activation (see the Perspective by Chowdhury and Chanda). The toxin traps VSD4 in a deactivated state. Comparison with the apo structure shows how interactions between VSD4 and the carboxyl-terminal region change as VSD4 activates and suggests how this would lead to fast inactivation. Science , this issue p. eaav8573 ; see also p. 1278

Citations

• Coupling Interactions between Voltage Sensors of the Sodium Channel as Revealed by Site-specific Measurements
• A quantitative description of membrane current and its application to conduction and excitation in nerve
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Discussions

• Fast inactivation is an essential part of voltage gated sodium channel function, and its disruption is linked to multiple diseases. Clairfeuille et al. use a scorpion toxin that impedes fast inactivat [bsky, 0 points, 0 comments]

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