2025/04/02 by Eva M. Pålsson‐McDermott, Luke O'neill · 1 voice · 2 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Medicine · Neuroscience · #Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions #Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Disease #Tryptophan and brain disorders
paper · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2025.03.004
openalex publication_date 2025/04/02 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/29
The reprogramming of metabolic pathways and processes in immune cells has emerged as an important aspect of the immune response. Metabolic intermediates accumulate as a result of metabolic adaptations and mediate functions outside of metabolism in the regulation of immunity and inflammation. In macrophages, there has been a major focus on 3 metabolites linked to the Krebs cycle, itaconate, succinate, and fumarate, which have been shown to regulate multiple processes. Here, we discuss recent progress on these 3 metabolites with regard to their effect on macrophages in host defense and inflammatory diseases. We also consider the therapeutic opportunities presented from the mimicry of these metabolites or by targeting the enzymes that make or metabolize them in order to leverage the body's own anti-inflammatory response.