Viscosity in Strongly Interacting Quantum Field Theories from Black Hole Physics
2004/05/31 by Pavel Kovtun, P. Kovtun, D. Son +3 · 1 voice · 357 citations
Physics and Astronomy · #Black Holes and Theoretical Physics #Cosmology and Gravitation Theories #Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories #gr-qc #hep-ph #hep-th
paper · pdf · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.94.111601
published as Phys.Rev.Lett. 94 (2005) 111601 · 9 pages, title changed, appendix moved into the main text
arxiv created 2005/03/17 · openalex publication_date 2005/03/22 · arxiv updated 2009/12/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Abstract
The ratio of shear viscosity to volume density of entropy can be used to characterize how close a given fluid is to being perfect. Using string theory methods, we show that this ratio is equal to a universal value of variant Planck's over 2pi/4pik(B) for a large class of strongly interacting quantum field theories whose dual description involves black holes in anti-de Sitter space. We provide evidence that this value may serve as a lower bound for a wide class of systems, thus suggesting that black hole horizons are dual to the most ideal fluids.
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