2020/11/25 by Sean Walkowiak, Liangliang Gao, Cécile Monat +95 · 38 citations
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · #Genetics and Plant Breeding #Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics #Wheat and Barley Genetics and Pathology
paper · pdf · doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2961-x
openalex publication_date 2020/11/25 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
Abstract Advances in genomics have expedited the improvement of several agriculturally important crops but similar efforts in wheat ( Triticum spp.) have been more challenging. This is largely owing to the size and complexity of the wheat genome 1 , and the lack of genome-assembly data for multiple wheat lines 2,3 . Here we generated ten chromosome pseudomolecule and five scaffold assemblies of hexaploid wheat to explore the genomic diversity among wheat lines from global breeding programs. Comparative analysis revealed extensive structural rearrangements, introgressions from wild relatives and differences in gene content resulting from complex breeding histories aimed at improving adaptation to diverse environments, grain yield and quality, and resistance to stresses 4,5 . We provide examples outlining the utility of these genomes, including a detailed multi-genome-derived nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat protein repertoire involved in disease resistance and the characterization of Sm1 6 , a gene associated with insect resistance. These genome assemblies will provide a basis for functional gene discovery and breeding to deliver the next generation of modern wheat cultivars.