Classifying Presence Scores: Insights and Analysis from Two Decades of the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ)

2024/08/17 by Tanh Quang Tran, Tobias Langlotz, Jacob Young +3
Computer Science · Engineering · Neuroscience · #Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics #Tactile and Sensory Interactions #Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts

paper · pdf · doi:10.1145/3689046

openalex publication_date 2024/08/17 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/29

Abstract

Presence, or the experience of being present in a computer-generated environment, is a defining element of virtual reality. While there are different methodologies to measure presence, questionnaires remain the most popular, particularly the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ). In this paper, we analyse the results of over 20 years of IPQ usage to develop a new comparative means of reporting presence scores and comparing them across existing and future work. We additionally report on correct and problematic usage of the questionnaire and, through this, present guidelines on how to administer the IPQ in future to aid further analysis. Finally, we present a new web-based tool to streamline the analysis and reporting of IPQ results, which we hope will facilitate more standardised usage of the questionnaire in future research.

Citations

• Is virtual reality emotionally arousing? Investigating five emotion inducing virtual park scenarios
• A Framework for Immersive Virtual Environments (FIVE): Speculations on the Role of Presence in Virtual Environments
• Sample Quantiles in Statistical Packages
• Defining Virtual Reality: Dimensions Determining Telepresence
• What memory is for
• The Effect of the Agency and Anthropomorphism on Users' Sense of Telepresence, Copresence, and Social Presence in Virtual Environments
• A Cross-Media Presence Questionnaire: The ITC-Sense of Presence Inventory
• Using Presence Questionnaires in Reality
• Adaptation and Validation of the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ) in a Portuguese Sample
• The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews

Related

• Measuring Presence in Virtual Environments: A Presence Questionnaire
• Adaptation and Validation of the Igroup Presence Questionnaire (IPQ) in a Portuguese Sample
• Using Presence Questionnaires in Reality
• The Factor Structure of the Presence Questionnaire
• A Cross-Media Presence Questionnaire: The ITC-Sense of Presence Inventory