Morphological Phylogenetic Analysis of Basal Angiosperms: Comparison and Combination with Molecular Data

2000/11/01 by James A. Doyle, Peter K. Endress · 32 citations
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · #Plant Diversity and Evolution #Plant and Fungal Species Descriptions #Plant and animal studies

paper · doi:10.1086/317578

openalex publication_date 2000/11/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/31

Abstract

We have amassed structural data for 108 characters and 52 taxa of magnoliids and basal monocots and eudicots, including observations by P. K. Endress and A. Igersheim on flowers. These data were analyzed separately and in combination with rbcL, 18S, and atpB sequences. Besides confirming agreements between previous analyses of both kinds of data (reduction of Magnoliales to six families; relation of Piperaceae, Saururaceae, Lactoris, and Aristolochiaceae), trees based on this data set show shifts toward molecular results (separation of Illiciaceae and Schisandraceae from Winteraceae and of Amborella, Austrobaileya, Trimeniaceae, and Chloranthaceae from Laurales; relation of Winteraceae and Canellaceae) plus continued conflicts (association of Chloranthaceae with Amborella and Trimeniaceae and of Nymphaeales with monocots). In cases where molecular and morphological trees conflict, combined analyses of morphological and molecular data generally yield the same topologies as molecular analyses, but morphology overcomes weak molecular evidence in indicating that Chloranthaceae belong just above the basal grade, that monocots are related to Piperales, and that Lauraceae are linked with Hernandiaceae. If angiosperms are rooted by molecular data, chloranthoid leaf teeth, two‐trace nodes, columellar (not granular) pollen, and ascidiate carpels sealed by secretion are ancestral. Vesselless xylem is primitive in Amborella but secondary in Winteraceae and Trochodendraceae.

Citations

• An Ordinal Classification for the Families of Flowering Plants
• Outline of the classification of flowering plants (magnoliophyta)
• The Bases of Angiosperm Phylogeny: Vegetative Morphology
• CONFIDENCE LIMITS ON PHYLOGENIES: AN APPROACH USING THE BOOTSTRAP
• Phylogenetics of Seed Plants: An Analysis of Nucleotide Sequences from the Plastid Gene rbcL
• A SUMMARY OF EVIDENCE AND ARGUMENTS SUPPORTING THE REMOVAL OF ACORUS FROM THE ARACEAE

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