Adaptive Decision‐Making “Fast” and “Slow”: A Model of Creative Thinking

2025/03/01 by Radwa Khalil, Martin Brüne · 1 citation
Decision Sciences · Neuroscience · Psychology · #Creativity in Education and Neuroscience #Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics #Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies

paper · pdf · doi:10.1111/ejn.70024

openalex publication_date 2025/03/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04

Abstract

The late Daniel Kahneman introduced the concept of fast and slow thinking, representing two distinct cognitive systems involved in decision-making (DM). Fast thinking (System 1) operates intuitively and spontaneously. In contrast, slow thinking (System 2) is characterized by deliberation and analytical reasoning. Following Kahneman's view, called the biases view, we suggest a framework involving the interplay between two systems, the bottom-up and top-down approaches. These two approaches involve various modalities, including learning skills, perception, cognition, attention, and emotion. Accordingly, we incorporate temporal modulation, which varies based on individual differences and accounts for adaptive DM. Our overarching framework elucidates how the brain dynamically allocates resources for adaptive DM and how creative mental processes could drive it. We highlight the immense value of interdisciplinary research collaboration in progressing the empirical research of our proposed framework.

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Cited by

• Putting on the Thinking Hats: A Survey on Chain of Thought Fine-tuning from the Perspective of Human Reasoning Mechanism

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