Rates of post-traumatic stress disorder in trauma-exposed children and adolescents: meta-analysis
2014/05/01 by Eva Alisic, Alyson K. Zalta, Floryt van Wesel +5 · 35 citations
Psychology · #Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research #Child Abuse and Trauma #Migration, Health and Trauma
paper · pdf · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.113.131227
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is unclear how many children and adolescents develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after trauma. AIMS: To determine the incidence of PTSD in trauma-exposed children and adolescents as assessed with well-established diagnostic interviews and to examine potential moderators of the estimate. METHOD: A systematic literature search identified 72 peer-reviewed articles on 43 independent samples (n = 3563). Samples consisting only of participants seeking or receiving mental health treatment were excluded. Main analyses involved pooled incidence estimates and meta-analyses of variance. RESULTS: The overall rate of PTSD was 15.9% (95% CI 11.5-21.5), which varied according to the type of trauma and gender. Least at risk were boys exposed to non-interpersonal trauma (8.4%, 95% CI 4.7-14.5), whereas girls exposed to interpersonal trauma showed the highest rate (32.9%, 95% CI 19.8-49.3). No significant difference was found for the choice of assessment interview or the informant of the assessment. CONCLUSIONS: Research conducted with the best available assessment instruments shows that a significant minority of children and adolescents develop PTSD after trauma exposure, with those exposed to interpersonal trauma and girls at particular risk. The estimates provide a benchmark for DSM-5 and ICD-11.
Cited by
- Efficacy of imagery rehearsal therapy in the treatment of traumatic nightmares in youth with complex post-traumatic stress disorder
- Hope, optimism, self‐efficacy, and posttraumatic stress disorder: A meta‐analytic review of the protective effects of positive expectancies
- Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence: an umbrella review
- Mental health, quality of life and mental health service use after the COVID-19 pandemic: Results from a cross-sectional nationwide study among German children and adolescents
- Users’ experiences of trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy for children and adolescents: a systematic review and metasynthesis of qualitative research
- Effectiveness of Trauma-Focused Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Children and Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Eight German Mental Health Clinics
- Trauma‐informed or sensory‐based practices in preschool settings: A scoping review
- Eye movement desensitisation and reprocessing therapy for posttraumatic stress disorder in a child and an adolescent with mild to borderline intellectual disability: A multiple baseline across subjects study
- Comparison of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing therapy, cognitive behavioral writing therapy, and wait‐list in pediatric posttraumatic stress disorder following single‐incident trauma: a multicenter randomized clinical trial
- Prevalence of mental disorders among young people living in urban slums of low- and middle- income countries: A systematic review and Meta-analysis
- Development of mental health problems - a follow-up study of unaccompanied refugee minors. [europepmc]
- Stepped care versus standard trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy for young children. [europepmc]
- PTSD, cyberbullying and peer violence: prevalence and correlates among adolescent emergency department patients. [europepmc]
- Child Trauma Exposure and Psychopathology: Mechanisms of Risk and Resilience. [europepmc]
- Cognitive therapy as an early treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder in children and adolescents: a randomized controlled trial addressing preliminary efficacy and mechanisms of action. [europepmc]
- Efficacy of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing in Children and Adolescent with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. [europepmc]
- Practitioner Review: Posttraumatic stress disorder and its treatment in children and adolescents. [europepmc]
- Mental health and associated stress factors in accompanied and unaccompanied refugee minors resettled in Germany: a cross-sectional study. [europepmc]
- The epidemiology of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder in a representative cohort of young people in England and Wales. [europepmc]
- A core role for cognitive processes in the acute onset and maintenance of post-traumatic stress in children and adolescents. [europepmc]
- Disaster Exposure and Mental Health Among Puerto Rican Youths After Hurricane Maria. [europepmc]
- The relationship between maladaptive appraisals and posttraumatic stress disorder: a meta-analysis. [europepmc]
- Epigenetic Modifications in Stress Response Genes Associated With Childhood Trauma. [europepmc]
- 'Help for trauma from the app stores?' A systematic review and standardised rating of apps for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). [europepmc]
- Mechanisms linking childhood trauma exposure and psychopathology: a transdiagnostic model of risk and resilience. [europepmc]
- Mental health and clinical psychological science in the time of COVID-19: Challenges, opportunities, and a call to action. [europepmc]
- Psychological, addictive, and health behavior implications of the COVID-19 pandemic. [europepmc]
- Executive functions in trauma-exposed youth: a meta-analysis. [europepmc]
- Toward an Integrated Model of Supportive Peer Relationships in Early Adolescence: A Systematic Review and Exploratory Meta-Analysis. [europepmc]
- Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Prevalence of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Trauma-Exposed Preschool-Aged Children. [europepmc]
- Prevalence of post-traumatic stress disorder among Palestinian children and adolescents exposed to political violence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. [europepmc]
- Deconstructing pathways to resilience: A systematic review of associations between psychosocial mechanisms and transdiagnostic adult mental health outcomes in the context of adverse childhood experiences. [europepmc]
- Community violence and internalizing mental health symptoms in adolescents: A systematic review. [europepmc]
- The effects of early life adversity on children's mental health and cognitive functioning. [europepmc]
- Climate Change and Children's Mental Health: A Developmental Perspective. [europepmc]
Related