2025/08/30 by Xinkui Zhao, Rong Xiong, Zhao, Xinkui +15
Computer Science · #Advanced Database Systems and Queries #Blockchain Technology Applications and Security #Caching and Content Delivery #Databases (cs.DB) #FOS: Computer and information sciences
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2509.00480
openalex publication_date 2025/08/30 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Hybrid storage solutions have emerged as potent strategies to alleviate the data storage bottlenecks prevalent in blockchain systems. These solutions harness off-chain Storage Services Providers (SPs) in conjunction with Authenticated Data Structures (ADS) to ensure data integrity and accuracy. Despite these advancements, the reliance on centralized SPs raises concerns about query correctness. Although ADS can verify the existence of individual query results, they fall short of preventing SPs from omitting valid results. In this paper, we delineate the fundamental distinctions between data search in blockchains and traditional database systems. Drawing upon these insights, we introduce BPI, a lightweight framework that enables efficient keyword queries and maintenance with low overhead. We propose "Articulated Search", a query pattern specifically designed for blockchain environments that enhances search efficiency while significantly reducing costs during data user updates. Furthermore, BPI employs a suite of validation models to ensure the inclusion of all valid content in search results while maintaining low overhead. Extensive experimental evaluations demonstrate that the BPI framework achieves outstanding scalability and performance in keyword searches within blockchain, surpassing EthMB+ and state of the art search databases commonly used in mainstream hybrid storage blockchains (HSB).