Dynamics of the Interplanetary Gas and Magnetic Fields.
1958/11/01 by E. N. Parker · 88 citations
Physics and Astronomy · Earth and Planetary Sciences · #Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics #Geophysics and Gravity Measurements #Astro and Planetary Science
paper · doi:10.1086/146579
Abstract
We consider the dynamical consequences of Biermann's suggestion that gas is often streaming outward in all directions from the sun with velocities of the order of 500-1500 km/sec. These velocities of 500 km/sec and more and the interplanetary densities of 500 ions/cm3 (1014 gm/sec mass loss from the sun) follow from the hydrodynamic equations for a 3 X 1060 K solar corona. It is suggested that the outward-streaming gas draws out the lines of force of the solar magnetic fields so that near the sun the field is very nearly in a radial direction. Plasma instabilities are expected to result in the thick shell of disordered field (10- gauss) inclosing the inner solar system, whose presence has already been inferred from cosmic-ray observations.
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