2008/01/01 by Laure Mamy, Mamy, Laure, Enrique Barriuso +3
Agricultural and Biological Sciences · Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Environmental Science · #0 #AGRONOMIE #COLZA #INDICATEURS #INDICES #Insect Resistance and Genetics #METHODOLOGIE #MOBILITE #MODELE USES #MODELES NUMERIQUES #PERSISTANCE #Pesticide and Herbicide Environmental Studies #SOL #Weed Control and Herbicide Applications
paper · doi:10.17180/cqg3-xk09
openalex publication_date 2008/01/01 · openalex created_date 2017/07/21 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/15
Risk assessment of pesticides is a key step to prevent environmental contamination. Indeed, the use of pesticides involves risks of chemical contaminations of air, water and soil leading to pollutions having toxicological (for human) and ecotoxicological (for organisms other than humans) consequences. The aim of this work was to present different methods of risk assessment of pesticides: simple methods (comparison of the number of pesticides used or of applied doses, mobility and persistence of pesticides), qualitative methods (GUS index, I-Phy indicator) and quantitative methods (numerical models: PRZM, USES). These methods have been compared during the assessment of weeding programmes of glyphosate tolerant (GT) and non-tolerant crops. Simple methods are only based on techniques and do not take into account physical characteristics of environment though the most complex methods based on fluxes (models, measures) fully take into account agro-pedo-climatic conditions. Indicators represent an intermediate solution as they consider some of the characteristics of the environment. Experimental measures are very acute but costly and they are difficult to replicate. Regarding the GT crops case study, if comparison of doses or number of pesticides applied is in favour of these crops, the use of more acute assessment methods showed that GT crops did not offer many advantages compared to non-GT crops.