2017/12/21 by Prin, Yves, Le Roux, Christine, Galiana, Antoine +1
#Domestication #Fixation d’azote #Inoculum #Mycorhize #Mycorrhiza #Nitrogen fixation #Variety #Variétés
paper · doi:10.15454/1.513850574574954e12
The current demand for a sustainable, environment-friendly agriculture gives a considerable interest of agricultural stakeholders in the use of soil microbial resources and in particular plant symbioses. In Europe, almost all cultivated plants are both exotic and symbiotic i.e. associated with soil microorganisms (mycorrhizal fungi, bacteria). These symbioses allow for a significant improvement in plant productivity, particularly through access to nutrient and water resources that are not available to roots. The selection of symbiotic microorganisms is a key step that has to fulfill several criteria such as compatibility with the target host plant and also with the environmental and soil conditions of the plant production area. When disseminated from their area of origin, most of the time as seeds, plants have undergone genetic selection and breeding stages, which have increased their productivity, but in the absence of the original microbial partners, which were replaced by fertilizers. A logical strategy in the selection of effective microbial partners would be to go back the genetic selection stages in order to reidentify the original symbiotic partners, requiring the return to the native areas of the plants. But the question then arises of the ethical and sanitary criteria linked to the use of microbial resources of exotic origin.