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Approximation on disks

1972/01/01 by Kenneth John Preskenis · 3 citations
Mathematics · #Meromorphic and Entire Functions #Holomorphic and Operator Theory #Differential Equations and Boundary Problems

paper · doi:10.1090/s0002-9947-1972-0312123-3

Abstract

Let <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper D"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">D</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> be a closed disk in the complex plane, <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">f</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> a complex valued continuous function on <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper D"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">D</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper R Subscript f Baseline left-parenthesis upper D right-parenthesis equals"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>R</mml:mi> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo stretchy="false">(</mml:mo> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false">)</mml:mo> <mml:mo>=</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">Rf(D) =</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> the uniform closure on <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper D"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">D</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> of rational functions in <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="z"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">z</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">f</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> which are finite. Among other results we obtain the following. Theorem. <italic> If <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">f</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is of class <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper C Superscript 1"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:msup> <mml:mi>C</mml:mi> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">C1</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> in a neighborhood of <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper D"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">D</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> and <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="StartAbsoluteValue f Subscript z overbar Baseline EndAbsoluteValue greater-than StartAbsoluteValue f Subscript z Baseline EndAbsoluteValue"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mover> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> <mml:mo stretchy="false"> ¯ </mml:mo> </mml:mover> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mo>&gt;</mml:mo> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:mi>z</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mml:mo stretchy="false">|</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:mrow> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">|f z| &gt; |fz|</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> everywhere (i.e., <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="f"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>f</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">f</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> is an orientation reversing immersion of <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper D"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mi>D</mml:mi> <mml:annotation encoding="application/x-tex">D</mml:annotation> </mml:semantics> </mml:math> </inline-formula> in the plane), then </italic> <inline-formula content-type="math/mathml"> <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="upper R Subscript f Baseline left-parenthesis upper D right-parenthesis equals upper C left-parenthesis upper D right-parenthesis"> <mml:semantics> <mml:mrow> <mml:mrow class="MJX-TeX

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