2025/08/14 by Lauren C. Murphy, Jeanne Inchauspé, Giampiero Valenzano +30 · 1 voice · 10 citations
Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology · Medicine · #Cancer Genomics and Diagnostics #Blood groups and transfusion #Cancer-related molecular mechanisms research
paper · doi:10.1126/science.adp3971
Platelets are anucleate blood cells vital for hemostasis and immunity. During cell death and aberrant mitosis, nucleated cells release DNA, resulting in "cell-free" DNA in plasma (cfDNA). An excess of cfDNA is deleterious. Given their ability to internalize pathogen-derived nucleic acids, we hypothesized that platelets may also clear endogenous cfDNA. We found that, despite lacking a nucleus, platelets contained a repertoire of DNA fragments mapping across the nuclear genome. We detected fetal DNA in maternal platelets and cancer-derived DNA in platelets from patients with premalignant and cancerous lesions. As current liquid biopsy approaches utilize platelet-depleted plasma, important genetic information contained within platelets is being missed. This study establishes a physiological role for platelets that has not previously been highlighted, with broad translational relevance.