A Black-Hole Envelope Interpretation for Cosmological Demographics of Little Red Dots

2025/12/03 by Umeda, Hiroya, Inayoshi, Kohei, Harikane, Yuichi +1
#Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) #FOS: Physical sciences

paper · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2512.04208

Abstract

Little red dots (LRDs) newly discovered with JWST are active galactic nuclei (AGN) that may represent black hole (BH) growth at the earliest cosmic epochs. These sources show puzzling features unlike typical AGNs, including red optical continua, weak hot-dust emission, and a lack of detectable X-rays. Previously, LRDs have often been interpreted as dust-reddened AGNs, leading to severe inconsistencies with the luminosity and BH mass densities inferred for previously known AGNs over 0

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• A Critical Evaluation of the Physical Nature of the Little Red Dots
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• Little Red Dots and their Progenitors from Direct Collapse Black Holes
• Sub-Eddington accreting supermassive primordial black holes explain Little Red Dots