Benchmarking Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction
2013/10/30 by Charles C. L. McCrory, Suho Jung, Jonas C. Peters +1 · 6,890 citations
Chemistry · Energy · Engineering · #Advanced battery technologies research #Catalysis #Chemical engineering #Chemistry #Electrocatalyst #Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion #Electrochemical Analysis and Applications #Electrochemistry #Electrode #Electrolysis #Electrolysis of water #Electrolyte #Faraday efficiency #Inorganic chemistry #Materials science #Nanotechnology #Non-blocking I/O #Overpotential #Oxygen #Oxygen evolution #Photocatalysis #Physical chemistry #Water splitting
paper · doi:10.1021/ja407115p
published in Journal of the American Chemical Society 135(45), 16977-16987 (American Chemical Society)
openalex publication_date 2013/10/30 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Abstract
Objective evaluation of the activity of electrocatalysts for water oxidation is of fundamental importance for the development of promising energy conversion technologies including integrated solar water-splitting devices, water electrolyzers, and Li-air batteries. However, current methods employed to evaluate oxygen-evolving catalysts are not standardized, making it difficult to compare the activity and stability of these materials. We report a protocol for evaluating the activity, stability, and Faradaic efficiency of electrodeposited oxygen-evolving electrocatalysts. In particular, we focus on methods for determining electrochemically active surface area and measuring electrocatalytic activity and stability under conditions relevant to an integrated solar water-splitting device. Our primary figure of merit is the overpotential required to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm(-2) per geometric area, approximately the current density expected for a 10% efficient solar-to-fuels conversion device. Utilizing the aforementioned surface area measurements, one can determine electrocatalyst turnover frequencies. The reported protocol was used to examine the oxygen-evolution activity of the following systems in acidic and alkaline solutions: CoO(x), CoPi, CoFeO(x), NiO(x), NiCeO(x), NiCoO(x), NiCuO(x), NiFeO(x), and NiLaO(x). The oxygen-evolving activity of an electrodeposited IrO(x) catalyst was also investigated for comparison. Two general observations are made from comparing the catalytic performance of the OER catalysts investigated: (1) in alkaline solution, every non-noble metal system achieved 10 mA cm(-2) current densities at similar operating overpotentials between 0.35 and 0.43 V, and (2) every system but IrO(x) was unstable under oxidative conditions in acidic solutions.
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