2017/03/30 by Zuojun Wang, Junfang Tian, Wang, Zuojun +7
Engineering · Physics and Astronomy · Social Sciences · #Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG) #FOS: Physical sciences #Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph) #Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques #Traffic control and management #Transportation Planning and Optimization #nlin.CG #physics.soc-ph
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1703.10378
15 pages, 10 figures
arxiv created 2017/03/30 · openalex publication_date 2017/03/30 · arxiv updated 2017/04/04 · openalex created_date 2017/06/05 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Traffic breakdown, as one of the most puzzling traffic flow phenomena, is characterized by sharply decreasing speed, abruptly increasing density and in particular suddenly plummeting capacity. In order to clarify its root mechanisms and model its observed properties, this paper proposes a car-following model based on the following assumptions: (i) There exists a preferred time-varied and speed-dependent space gap that cars hope to maintain; (ii) there exists a region R restricted by two critical space gaps and two critical speeds in the car following region on the speed-space gap diagram, in which cars' movements are determined by the weighted mean of the space- gap-determined acceleration and the speed-difference-determined acceleration; and (iii) out of region R, cars either accelerate to the free flow speed or decelerate to keep safety. Simulation results show that this model is able to simultaneously reproduce traffic breakdown and the transition from the synchronized traffic flow to wide moving jams. To our knowledge, this is the first car-following model that is able to fully depict traffic breakdown, spontaneous formation of jams, and the concave growth of the oscillations.