Two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models for engineering applications
1994/08/01 by F. R. Menter, Florian Menter · 21,004 citations
Engineering · Environmental Science · #Aerospace engineering #Classical mechanics #Computational Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics #Engineering #Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows #K-epsilon turbulence model #K-omega turbulence model #Large eddy simulation #Mechanics #Meteorology #Physics #Statistical physics #Thermodynamics #Turbulence #Turbulence modeling #Viscosity #Wind and Air Flow Studies
paper · doi:10.2514/3.12149
published in AIAA Journal 32(8), 1598-1605 (American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics)
openalex publication_date 1994/08/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/05
Abstract
Two new two-equation eddy-viscosity turbulence models will be presented.They combine different elements of existing models that are considered superior to their alternatives.The first model, referred to as the baseline (BSL) model, utilizes the original k-u model of Wilcox in the inner region of the boundary layer and switches to the standard A>e model in the outer region and in free shear flows.It has a performance similar to the Wilcox model, but avoids that model's strong freestream sensitivity.The second model results from a modification to the definition of the eddy-viscosity in the BSL model, which accounts for the effect of the transport of the principal turbulent shear stress.The new model is called the shear-stress transport-model and leads to major improvements in the prediction of adverse pressure gradient flows.
Cited by
- Design of Flapping Airfoil for Optimal Aerodynamic Performance in Low-Reynolds Number Flows
- Variable Turbulent Prandtl Number Model for Shock/Boundary-Layer Interaction
- Supersonic Flow Separation with Application to Rocket Engine Nozzles
- Effect of different strut design on the mixing performance of H2 fueled two-strut based scramjet combustor
- Numerical investigation on geometric sensitivity and flame stabilisation mechanism in H2 fueled two-strut based scramjet combustor
- Glottis motion effects on the particle transport and deposition in a subject-specific mouth-to-trachea model: A CFPD study
- Frictional resistance investigation of sCO2 and a semi-empirical friction factor correlation based on wall-of-the-law
- Numerical Base Heating Sensitivity Study for a Four-Rocket Engine Core Configuration
- Computational Aerodynamic Predictions of Supersonic Retropropulsion Flowfields
- Compressibility Considerations for k-w Turbulence Models in Hypersonic Boundary-Layer Applications
- Fluid–Thermal Interaction Investigation of Spiked Blunt Bodies at Hypersonic Flight Condition
- Analysis of Turbulence Model Uncertainty for Shock-Wave/Boundary-Layer Interaction Simulations
- Numerical investigation on the centrifugal granulation behavior of molten slag-metal mixture over a spinning cup
- A modular and integrated on-board system for freight train condition monitoring: design approach and testing
- A Perspective on the State of Aerospace Computational Fluid Dynamics Technology
- Rapid Aerodynamic Assessment of Flettner Rotor Installations Using an Inviscid CFD Approach
- Laminar and turbulent heating predictions for mars entry vehicles
- Thermochemical non-equilibrium effects on hypersonic shock wave/turbulent boundary-layer interaction
- Experimental and numerical investigation for hypersonic performance of double swept waverider
- Cavitation Acoustic Perturbation Equations: A Computational Framework for Source-Resolved Multiphase Hydroacoustics
- A Kernel-based Resource-efficient Neural Surrogate for Multi-fidelity Prediction of Aerodynamic Field
- Hydrodynamic insights into the paleobiology of the Ediacaran rangeomorph Fractofusus misrai
- The geometric model-based patient-specific simulations of turbulent aortic valve flows
- Evaluation of Turbulence Models and Boundary Conditions for Hybrid Ventilation in Reduced-scale Classroom Model
- Effects of Airway Generation Depth on Particle Deposition Behaviour in the Main Respiratory Airways—A Computational Modelling Study
- LLM-Based Scientific Equation Discovery via Physics-Informed Token-Regularized Policy Optimization
- Unifying formalism and closures for coarse-grained approaches to turbulence
- A new ODE-based turbulence wall model accounting for pressure gradient and Reynolds number effects
- Computational study of airfoil stall flutter Limit Cycle Oscillations
- Data-driven Pressure Recovery in Diffusers
- Preliminary Study of the Effects of Leading-Edge Serration on a Two-Section Planar Wing in ground-effect at Low Reynolds Number
- Wake Vectoring for Efficient Morphing Flight
- Investigation on flow and heat transfer in various channels based on triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS)
- Fluid Intelligence: A Forward Look on AI Foundation Models in Computational Fluid Dynamics
- Uncertainty analysis of URANS simulations coupled with an anisotropic pressure fluctuation model
- Unsteady aerodynamics simulation of a full-scale horizontal axis wind turbine using CFD methodology
- Effect of Turbulence-Closure Consistency on Airfoil Identification
- Engineering.ai: A Platform for Teams of AI Engineers in Computational Design
- Study on the Design Methodology of Turbine Profiles Operating Within Wide-Inflow-Angle Ranges
- Heat transfer modelling in a rotating cavity using the SST k-ω turbulence model
- An uncertainty estimation module for turbulence model predictions in SU2
- Overshoot-resolved transition modeling based on field inversion and symbolic regression
- Data-driven Augmentation of a Turbulence Model in Three dimensional Separated Flows
- Flow modelling of a rocket nozzle using hydrogen and methane propellants
- Accelerating Bayesian Inference via Multi-Fidelity Transport Map Coupling
- DrivAerStar: An Industrial-Grade CFD Dataset for Vehicle Aerodynamic Optimization
- Hydrodynamic of surge wave energy converters
- Evaluating the predictive potential of modeling frameworks for Pelton turbine energy performance and guiding engineering modeling in hydroelectric applications
- Exactly Divergence-free Hybrid Discontinuous Galerkin Method for Incompressible Turbulent Flows
- oRANS: Online optimisation of RANS machine learning models with embedded DNS data generation
- Scaling rules for multiphase flow in vertical Venturis
- Transonic buffet and incompressible low-frequency oscillations at high Reynolds numbers
- Quantification of Model Uncertainty in RANS Simulations: A Review
- Benchmark of computational hydraulics models for open-channel flow with lateral cavities
- Acoustic signatures of pinch-off cavities during water-entry
- On the limitations of CFD modelling of flow boiling at high flow velocities and high heat fluxes
- Numerical Study on Jet-Like Outwash Induced by Multi-Rotor eVTOLs and Engineering Approaches for Outwash Mitigation
- Flows Over Periodic Hills of Parameterized Geometries: A Dataset for Data-Driven Turbulence Modeling From Direct Simulations
- Numerical modeling of heat and mass transfer during convective drying of cylindrical quince slices
- TripOptimizer: Generative 3D Shape Optimization and Drag Prediction using Triplane VAE Networks
- Optimal control of diffuser shapes for confined turbulent shear flows
- Design of the wavy wall in a partially heated channel using CFD simulations and human-assisted Bayesian optimization
- A turbulent eddy-viscosity surrogate modeling framework for Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes simulations
- Quantifying non-equilibrium pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layers through a symmetry-based framework
- A Deep-Learning Enhanced Gappy Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Method for Conjugate Heat Transfer Problem
- Coupled CFD-DEM model for dry powder inhalers simulation: validation and sensitivity analysis for the main model parameters
- A new data assimilation method of recovering turbulent flow field at high-Reynolds numbers for turbulence machine learning
- An implicit gas-kinetic scheme for internal and external flows
- Identifying and optimizing the aeroacoustic source regions of a slot air diffuser
- Plane-marching PSE wavepacket models for perfectly-expanded twin jets
- Bed form-induced hyporheic exchange and geochemical hotspots
- CFD simulation of a Rushton turbine stirred-tank using open-source software with critical evaluation of MRF-based rotation modeling
- A computational fluid dynamics model for the simulation of flashboiling flow inside pressurized metered dose inhalers
- CFD modeling of three-dimensional gap resonances between side-by-side barges under combined wave and current excitation
- Experimental measurements and computational modeling of aerosol deposition in the Carleton-Civic standardized human nasal cavity
- Numerical investigation of engine position effects on contrail formation and evolution in the near-field of a realistic aircraft configuration
- Efficient Adjoint Petrov-Galerkin Reduced Order Models for fluid flows governed by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations
- Are Discrepancies in RANS Modeled Reynolds Stresses Random?
- Implicit High-Order Gas Kinetic Scheme for Turbulence Simulation
- Contemporary Approach for Simulation and Computation of Fluid Flows in Centrifugal Hydromachines
- Development and validation of a transition model based on a mechanical approximation
- Variable Transformation for Explicit Wall-Shear Stress Formula
- On the feasibility of affordable high-fidelity CFD simulations for indoor environment design and control
- Parameter Estimation for RANS Models Using Approximate Bayesian Computation
- CFD validation of k-site tank self-pressurization under varying fill levels and heat fluxes with different turbulence models
- Effect of interfacial turbulence and accommodation coefficient on CFD predictions of pressurization and pressure control in cryogenic storage tank
- Validation of two-phase CFD models for propellant tank self-pressurization: Crossing fluid types, scales, and gravity levels
- A Spectrally Accurate Two-Dimensional Axisymmetric, Tightly Coupled Photon Monte Carlo Radiative Transfer Equation Solver for Hypersonic Entry Flows
- Modeling the near-wake of a vertical-axis cross-flow turbine with 2-D and 3-D RANS
- Comparative modelling of inspiratory airflow and micron particle deposition patterns in monkey and human nasal airways
- Learning Aerodynamics for the Control of Flying Humanoid Robots
- Turbulent separation control with a tilted wavy wall: a promising approach for energy savings in aerodynamic systems
- Machine learning-driven prediction of catamaran resistance via a GA-optimised ANN surrogate model for hydrodynamic flow regime delineation
- On the Aerodynamics of Multistage Co-Axial Vertical-Axis Wind Turbines
- Analysis of the air infiltration through the doorway of a refrigerated room using different approaches
- Accelerated Bayesian calibration and uncertainty quantification of RANS turbulence model parameters for stratified atmospheric boundary layer flows
- Prediction of separation and transition on a low-pressure turbine blade using a RANS grid
- Data-driven Closure Strategies for Parametrized Reduced Order Models via Deep Operator Networks
- Turbulent boundary layers around wing sections up to Rec = 1,000,000
- Characteristics of Dual Transverse Injection in Scramjet Combustor, Part 1: Mixing
- Tonal noise prediction in a small high speed centrifugal fan and experimental validation
- Mesh Resolution Effect on 3D RANS Turbomachinery Flow Simulations
- Aerodynamic optimization of athlete posture using virtual skeleton methodology and computational fluid dynamics
- Optimization of Rotor Tip Cavity Shapes for Mitigating Aerodynamic Tip Leakage Losses
- Numerical simulation of drag reduction for turbulent flow in cylindrical annuli with axial corrugations
- Counter-gradient diffusion in a slot-ventilated enclosure assessed by LES and RANS
- Reformulated dissipation for the free-stream preserving of the conservative finite difference schemes on curvilinear grids
- Data-driven pressure field prediction for ships in regular sea states
- Transitional Strategy for Annular Lift Fan Aircraft to Lower the Momentum Drag and Pitching Moment
- Topology Optimization of Turbulent Fluid Flow with a Sensitive Porosity Adjoint Method (SPAM)
- Tripping and laminar--turbulent transition: Implementation in RANS--EVM
- Aerodynamic noise contributions in a ducted tail-rotor configuration using high-fidelity simulation
- Preliminary-Design Aerodynamic Model for Complex Configurations Using Lifting-Line Coupling Algorithm
- The analysis of unsteady flow structure and low frequency pressure pulsations in the high-head Francis turbines
- Research on the choking and mixing characteristics of swirling ejectors with a wide operating range
- Recent progress in flapping wing aerodynamics and aeroelasticity
- Self-Pumping Transpiration Cooling: A Joint Experimental and Numerical Study
- Turbulent Combined Heat Transfer in a Vertical Square Duct under Variable Thermophysical Properties and Non-Boussinesq Condition
- Optimization of Rotating Cooling Channel with Pin Fins Downstream of Turning Region
- Shape Optimization of Inclined Elliptic Dimples in a Cooling Channel
- An Investigation on Ventilation of Building-Integrated Photovoltaics System Using Numerical Modeling
- Numerical Investigation of Coaxial GCH4/LOx Combustion at Supercritical Pressures
- Influence of passenger head-position uncertainty on infection risk predictions
- Study on hydraulic excitation characteristics of vapor-liquid two-phase flow and safe operating range of axial flow reactor coolant pump under LOCA condition
- Enhancing Dual-Rotor Vertical Axis Wind Turbines With Auxiliary Augmentation: Impact of Deflector Angle Orientation
- Physics-informed machine learning approach for reconstructing Reynolds stress modeling discrepancies based on DNS data
- Further analysis of the budgets of the dissipation tensor ε ij in turbulent plane channel flow
- Spectral Wave Explicit Navier-Stokes Equations for wave-structure interactions using two-phase Computational Fluid Dynamics solvers
- Total-pressure distortion control in a serpentine diffuser via streamwise vorticity reconstruction
- Numerical investigation of mixing enhancement mechanism and propagation characteristics of rotating detonation waves in a ramjet-based engine
- Aerodynamic Optimal Design for Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine Airfoil Using Integrated Optimization Method
- Comprehensive code verification techniques for finite volume CFD codes
- Effects of Curved Wind Barrier on the Aerodynamic Characteristics of a Train–Bridge System and Its Static Wind Load
- ECN Spray C injector simulation: Internal flow with complete needle motion
- Ellipsoidal particle transport and deposition in an averaged human nasal airway — A CFD study
- Designing modular, artificial reefs for both coastal defense and coral restoration
- Computational fluid dynamics Study with heat transfer inside the embedded cooling channels for prototype ion extractor grid-1 and comparison with experimental results
- Machine Learning for Vortex Induced Vibration in Turbulent Flow
- A quantitative comparison of mechanical blood damage parameters in rotary ventricular assist devices: shear stress, exposure time and hemolysis index. [europepmc]
- Boxfish swimming paradox resolved: forces by the flow of water around the body promote manoeuvrability. [europepmc]
- Cost of flight and the evolution of stag beetle weaponry. [europepmc]
- Pledget-Armed Sutures Affect the Haemodynamic Performance of Biologic Aortic Valve Substitutes: A Preliminary Experimental and Computational Study. [europepmc]
- An In Silico Subject-Variability Study of Upper Airway Morphological Influence on the Airflow Regime in a Tracheobronchial Tree. [europepmc]
- Numerical simulations of targeted delivery of magnetic drug aerosols in the human upper and central respiratory system: a validation study. [europepmc]
- Impact of Aortoseptal Angle Abnormalities and Discrete Subaortic Stenosis on Left-Ventricular Outflow Tract Hemodynamics: Preliminary Computational Assessment. [europepmc]
- A Valveless Pulsatile Pump for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Hemo- and Fluid Dynamic Feasibility. [europepmc]
- On coughing and airborne droplet transmission to humans. [europepmc]
- On respiratory droplets and face masks. [europepmc]
- Computational fluid dynamics modelling of human upper airway: A review. [europepmc]
- Combining statistical shape modeling, CFD, and meta-modeling to approximate the patient-specific pressure-drop across the aortic valve in real-time. [europepmc]
- Experimental and numerical studies on the cavitation in an advanced rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactor for water treatment. [europepmc]
- Impact of HVAC-Systems on the Dispersion of Infectious Aerosols in a Cardiac Intensive Care Unit. [europepmc]
- Three-dimensional modeling and automatic analysis of the human nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses using the computational fluid dynamics method. [europepmc]
- Numerical investigation of aerosol transport in a classroom with relevance to COVID-19. [europepmc]
- Effects of space sizes on the dispersion of cough-generated droplets from a walking person. [europepmc]
- Flow and Particle Modelling of Dry Powder Inhalers: Methodologies, Recent Development and Emerging Applications. [europepmc]
- Computational Modeling of Blood Flow Hemodynamics for Biomechanical Investigation of Cardiac Development and Disease. [europepmc]
- Effects of slope and speed of escalator on the dispersion of cough-generated droplets from a passenger. [europepmc]
- A numerical assessment of social distancing of preventing airborne transmission of COVID-19 during different breathing and coughing processes. [europepmc]
- Assessment of effectiveness of optimum physical distancing phenomena for COVID-19. [europepmc]
- Assessment of turbulent blood flow and wall shear stress in aortic coarctation using image-based simulations. [europepmc]
- Hemodynamic characteristics in a cerebral aneurysm model using non-Newtonian blood analogues. [europepmc]
- Validation of computational fluid dynamics models for airway deposition with SPECT data of the same population. [europepmc]
Related