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Artificial Artificial Artificial Intelligence: Crowd Workers Widely Use Large Language Models for Text Production Tasks

2023/06/13 by Veniamin Veselovsky, Manoel Horta Ribeiro, Veselovsky, Veniamin +3 · 12 voices · 73 citations
Computer Science · Engineering · #AI in Service Interactions #Artificial intelligence #Automatic summarization #Code (set theory) #Computer science #Computer security #Crowdsourcing #Data science #Engineering #Human intelligence #Keystroke logging #Machine learning #Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing #Natural language processing #Task (project management) #Text Readability and Simplification #World Wide Web

paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2306.07899

published in arXiv (Cornell University) (Cornell University)

openalex publication_date 2023/06/13 · openalex created_date 2023/06/15 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28

Abstract

Large language models (LLMs) are remarkable data annotators. They can be used to generate high-fidelity supervised training data, as well as survey and experimental data. With the widespread adoption of LLMs, human gold--standard annotations are key to understanding the capabilities of LLMs and the validity of their results. However, crowdsourcing, an important, inexpensive way to obtain human annotations, may itself be impacted by LLMs, as crowd workers have financial incentives to use LLMs to increase their productivity and income. To investigate this concern, we conducted a case study on the prevalence of LLM usage by crowd workers. We reran an abstract summarization task from the literature on Amazon Mechanical Turk and, through a combination of keystroke detection and synthetic text classification, estimate that 33-46% of crowd workers used LLMs when completing the task. Although generalization to other, less LLM-friendly tasks is unclear, our results call for platforms, researchers, and crowd workers to find new ways to ensure that human data remain human, perhaps using the methodology proposed here as a stepping stone. Code/data: https://github.com/epfl-dlab/GPTurk

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