2009/09/01 by Jacob Leachman, J. W. Leachman, R. T. Jacobsen +5 · 785 citations
Chemistry · Decision Sciences · Engineering · Mathematics · #Chemical Thermodynamics and Molecular Structure #Chemistry #Equation of state #Hydrogen #Limit (mathematics) #Liquid hydrogen #Mathematical analysis #Mathematics #Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics #Physics #Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation #Solid hydrogen #Spin isomers of hydrogen #Statistical physics #Thermodynamics
paper · doi:10.1063/1.3160306
published in Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 38(3), 721-748 (American Institute of Physics)
openalex publication_date 2009/09/01 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/08/04
If the potential for a boom in the global hydrogen economy is realized, there will be an increase in the need for accurate hydrogen thermodynamic property standards. Based on current and anticipated needs, new fundamental equations of state for parahydrogen, normal hydrogen, and orthohydrogen were developed to replace the existing property models. To accurately predict thermophysical properties near the critical region and in liquid states, the quantum law of corresponding states was applied to improve the normal hydrogen and orthohydrogen formulations in the absence of available experimental data. All three equations of state have the same maximum pressure of 2000MPa and upper temperature limit of 1000K. Uncertainty estimates in this paper can be considered to be estimates of a combined expanded uncertainty with a coverage factor of 2 for primary data sets. The uncertainty in density is 0.04% in the region between 250 and 450K and at pressures up to 300MPa. The uncertainties of vapor pressures and saturated liquid densities vary from 0.1% to 0.2%. Heat capacities are generally estimated to be accurate to within 1%, while speed-of-sound values are accurate to within 0.5% below 100MPa.