2025/09/10 by Kaur, Jaspreet, Goyal, Rakesh, Kaur, Gagandeep
#Fiber Bragg gratings #High-speed data transmission #Rare-earth-doped hybrid optical amplifier
paper · doi:10.57647/j.jtap.2025.1903.31
The study of three hybrid rare-earth-doped fiber amplifiers Holmium-Ytterbium (Ho + Yb), Holmium-Thulium (Ho + Tm), and Ytterbium-Thulium (Yb + Tm) for 200 Mbit/s is conducted for optical transmission systems. Leveraging a custom simulation framework in OptiSystem, we evaluate gain, noise figure, Q-factor, and bit error rate (BER) across 1535–1560 THz and fiber lengths of 0–50 meters. The Ho:Yb configuration demonstrates unparalleled performance, achieving a peak gain of 0 dB, a noise figure of 5 dB, and an ultralow BER of <10^(-14), attributed to efficient energy transfer between Ho3+ and Yb3+ ions. In contrast, (Ho + Tm) exhibits suboptimal gain (−0.5 dB) and elevated noise (6 dB) due to spectral mismatches, while (Yb + Tm) offers moderate stability for medium-haul applications. By correlating dopant interactions with performance metrics, this work establishes (Ho + Yb) as the optimal choice for high-speed, long-distance networks, addressing critical gaps in hybrid amplifier design.