2024/03/28 by Yuzheng Wang, Dingkang Yang, Wang, Yuzheng +12 · 1 citation
Computer Science · #Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV) #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Neural Networks and Applications #Time Series Analysis and Forecasting
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2403.19539
openalex publication_date 2024/03/28 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
Data-Free Knowledge Distillation (DFKD) is a promising task to train high-performance small models to enhance actual deployment without relying on the original training data. Existing methods commonly avoid relying on private data by utilizing synthetic or sampled data. However, a long-overlooked issue is that the severe distribution shifts between their substitution and original data, which manifests as huge differences in the quality of images and class proportions. The harmful shifts are essentially the confounder that significantly causes performance bottlenecks. To tackle the issue, this paper proposes a novel perspective with causal inference to disentangle the student models from the impact of such shifts. By designing a customized causal graph, we first reveal the causalities among the variables in the DFKD task. Subsequently, we propose a Knowledge Distillation Causal Intervention (KDCI) framework based on the backdoor adjustment to de-confound the confounder. KDCI can be flexibly combined with most existing state-of-the-art baselines. Experiments in combination with six representative DFKD methods demonstrate the effectiveness of our KDCI, which can obviously help existing methods under almost all settings, e.g., improving the baseline by up to 15.54% accuracy on the CIFAR-100 dataset.