2017/05/15 by Markus Borg, Borg, Markus, Thomas Olsson +3
Business, Management and Accounting · Engineering · #Collaboration in agile enterprises #FOS: Computer and information sciences #Safety Systems Engineering in Autonomy #Software Engineering (cs.SE) #Supply Chain Resilience and Risk Management #Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications #Technology Assessment and Management
paper · pdf · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1705.05087
openalex publication_date 2017/05/15 · openalex created_date 2025/10/10 · openalex updated_date 2026/07/28
With ever-increasing productivity targets in mining operations, there is a\ngrowing interest in mining automation. In future mines, remote-controlled and\nautonomous haulers will operate underground guided by LiDAR sensors. We\nenvision reusing LiDAR measurements to maintain accurate mine maps that would\ncontribute to both safety and productivity. Extrapolating from a pilot project\non reliable wireless communication in Boliden's Kankberg mine, we propose\nestablishing a system-of-systems (SoS) with LIDAR-equipped haulers and existing\nmapping solutions as constituent systems. SoS requirements engineering\ninevitably adds a political layer, as independent actors are stakeholders both\non the system and SoS levels. We present four SoS scenarios representing\ndifferent business models, discussing how development and operations could be\ndistributed among Boliden and external stakeholders, e.g., the vehicle\nsuppliers, the hauling company, and the developers of the mapping software.\nBased on eight key variation points, we compare the four scenarios from both\ntechnical and business perspectives. Finally, we validate our findings in a\nseminar with participants from the relevant stakeholders. We conclude that to\ndetermine which scenario is the most promising for Boliden, trade-offs\nregarding control, costs, risks, and innovation must be carefully evaluated.\n